Git and Github
Introduction to Git
Git is a powerful version control system that's used to track changes in computer files and coordinate work on those files among multiple people. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 2005 to develop the Linux kernel, but it's now used widely in software development.
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Key Features of Git:
Distributed Version Control: Every user has a complete copy of the repository, including its full history. This makes it incredibly resilient and gives users the ability to work offline.
Branching and Merging: Git allows developers to create branches, or separate lines of development, which they can then merge back into the main line. This is great for experimenting with new features without affecting the main project.
Speed: Git is designed to be fast, even with large projects. Most operations are performed locally, so they don't require network access.
Data Integrity: Every file and commit (a snapshot of the project at a given point in time) in Git is checksummed with a SHA-1 hash, ensuring the integrity of the repository.
Common Git Commands:
git init: Initializes a new Git repository.
git clone: Creates a copy of an existing repository.
git add: Stages changes to be included in the next commit.
git commit: Saves staged changes to the repository.
git push: Uploads local repository content to a remote repository.
git pull: Fetches and merges changes from a remote repository into the local repository.
What is GitHub and why use it?
GitHub is a web-based platform used for version control and collaboration, enabling multiple people to work on projects simultaneously. It is built on Git, a distributed version control system created by Linus Torvalds, which tracks changes in source code during software development.
Why Use GitHub?
Collaboration Made Easy:
GitHub allows teams to work on the same codebase, merge changes, and resolve conflicts seamlessly.Backup and Accessibility:
Your projects are stored securely in the cloud and accessible from anywhere.Showcasing Your Work:
Many developers use GitHub as a portfolio to showcase their skills and projects to potential employers.Open-Source Contributions:
Contribute to or learn from countless open-source projects hosted on GitHub.Community Insights:
Gain insights through collaboration, discussion, and contributions from a global community.Integration with Other Tools:
Compatible with popular development tools, making it versatile and suitable for various workflows.Project Management:
Features like Kanban boards, milestones, and issues help manage and track progress effectively
Set Up Git and GitHub
Create a GitHub Account:
Go to github.com and sign up for an account.
Install Git:
Download and install Git from git-scm.com.
After installation, configure it with your GitHub username and email:
git config --global user.name "YourName"
git config --global user.email "YourEmail"
Set Up an SSH Key (Optional):
Improves security and convenience for authentication with GitHub.
Follow GitHub's SSH guide.
Check it out:
Check your knowledge
Basics
What is the primary purpose of GitHub?
What command is used to clone a repository to your local machine?
Git Commands
What does the git add command do?
How do you save a snapshot of your changes in Git?
Which command uploads your local changes to a GitHub repository?
Branching
Why would you create a branch in a repository?
What command do you use to switch to a different branch?
Collaboration
What is a pull request in GitHub?
What is the purpose of a .gitignore file?
How can you contribute to someone else’s public repository on GitHub?
Git and GitHub in VS Code
"Git and GitHub in VS Code for Beginners" (freeCodeCamp.org)
Duration: ~1 hour
Content: Step-by-step guide to setting up GitHub in VS Code, creating repositories, pushing changes, and using branches.